orthography_history
====== Differences ======
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orthography_history [2020/11/06 06:19] – [References] pektiong | orthography_history [2020/11/08 07:15] (current) – pektiong | ||
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- | ^ Year ^ Author ^ Title ^ Language ^ | + | ^ Year ^ Author |
- | | 1832 | Medhurst, Walter Henry | Orthography of the Hok-këèn Dialect | 廈 | | + | | 1832 | Medhurst, Walter Henry |(麥都思) |
- | | 1853 | Doty, Elihu | Anglo-Chinese Manual with Romanized Colloquial | 廈 | | + | | 1853 | Doty, Elihu (羅啻) |
| 1869 | MacGowan, John | A manual of the Amoy colloquial | 廈 | | | 1869 | MacGowan, John | A manual of the Amoy colloquial | 廈 | | ||
- | | 1873 | Douglas, Carstairs | Chinese-English dictionary of the vernacular or spoken language of Amoy,\\ With the principal variations of the Chang-chew and Chinchew dialects | 廈 | | + | | 1873 | Douglas, Carstairs(杜嘉德)| Chinese-English dictionary of the vernacular or spoken language of Amoy,\\ With the principal variations of the Chang-chew and Chinchew dialects |
+ | | 1882 | J. J. C. Francken(佛蘭根), | ||
+ | | 1891 | Mackay, Geobge Leslie(馬偕)| 《中西字典》 | 廈 | | ||
+ | | 1894 | Talmage(打馬字)| 《廈門音个字典》| 廈 | | ||
| 1911 | Warnshuis, A. Livingston and H.P. de Pree | Lessons in the Amoy vernacular | 廈 | | | 1911 | Warnshuis, A. Livingston and H.P. de Pree | Lessons in the Amoy vernacular | 廈 | | ||
| 1913 | Campbell, William | A dictionary of the Amoy vernacular spoken throughout the prefectures\\ Chin-chiu, Chiang-chiu and Formosa (Taiwan) | 廈 | | | 1913 | Campbell, William | A dictionary of the Amoy vernacular spoken throughout the prefectures\\ Chin-chiu, Chiang-chiu and Formosa (Taiwan) | 廈 | | ||
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| 1924 | Steele, John | The Swatow Syllabary with Mandarin Pronunciations | 汕 | | | 1924 | Steele, John | The Swatow Syllabary with Mandarin Pronunciations | 汕 | | ||
| 1870 | R. S. Maclay, C. C. Baldwin and Samuel H. Leger | Dictionary of the Foochow Dialect | 福 | | | 1870 | R. S. Maclay, C. C. Baldwin and Samuel H. Leger | Dictionary of the Foochow Dialect | 福 | | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== Consonants ===== | ||
+ | ^ Word-Initial (IPA) | [p] | [pʰ] | [b] | [m] | [t] | [tʰ] | [n] | [l] | [k] | [kʰ] | [g] | [ŋ] | [h] | [ʨ] | [ʦ] | [s] | [ʣ] | | ||
+ | ^ blah | p | ph | b | m | t | th | n | l | k | kh | g | ng |h | ts | tsh | s | j | | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | ===== Monophthongs ===== | ||
+ | ^ IPA ^ [a] ^ [e] ^ [i] ^ [ə] ^ [ɔ] ^ u [u] ^ | ||
+ | | blah | a | e | i | o | ou | u | | ||
+ | ===== Tone marks ===== | ||
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| | acute | grave | | circumflex | caron | macron | vertical line above | double accute | | | | acute | grave | | circumflex | caron | macron | vertical line above | double accute | | ||
| | < | | | < | ||
- | + | | < | |
===== References ===== | ===== References ===== | ||
* 徐宇航,十九世紀的潮州方言音系,《中國文化研究所學報》 Journal of Chinese Studies | * 徐宇航,十九世紀的潮州方言音系,《中國文化研究所學報》 Journal of Chinese Studies |
orthography_history.1604643558.txt.gz · Last modified: 2020/11/06 06:19 by pektiong